LOGIC. HOW CAN YOU SPOT A WELL REASONED ARGUMENT, OR AN IRRATIONAL ONE? PT 3.

Although I have Touched upon the Following in other Posts on this Website, 

it still has a Tremendous Influence on the Subject Matter that is covered  in this Article.  

We can Break it down like this, when discussing Investigations into the Paranormal:

THAT ANY JUDGMENTS OR CONCLUSIONS MADE ABOUT THE REALITY OR EXISTENCE OF A PARTICULAR PHENOMENA IS OFTEN MADE WITH ASSUMPTIONS AND/OR PREMISES THAT ARE UNTRUE, UNVERIFIED OR UNPROVEN.

Here are a couple of examples:

#1.  The "Ghost Hunter" who claims that "Cold Spots" in a room Indicate the 

presence of a Spirit or Supernatural Entity.

HOWEVER;  

-  THE INFRARED THERMOMETER THAT THEY USE IS DESIGNED TO MEASURE THE SURFACE TEMPERATURES OF ANYTHING THEY ARE POINTED AT.  THESE INCLUDE WALLS, FLOORS, PLUMBING, OR EVEN OTHER INDIVIDUALS.  THE READINGS THEY ARE GETTING ARE SIMPLY FROM THE OBJECT OR SURFACE AREA THAT THE UNIT IS BEING DIRECTED TO.  WHAT AN IR THERMOMETER CANNOT DO IS RECORD THE TEMPERATURE OF SOMETHING THAT IS INVISIBLE.

#2.  The Bigfoot Hunter who claims the Plaster Casts of certain Footprints are Proof of a previously Unknown Creature.

-  ACTUALLY, THEY ARE ONLY EVIDENCE OF AN UNIDENTIFIED SHAPE, THAT MAY, OR MAY NOT BE A FOOTPRINT.  WHAT CAUSED THE "FOOTPRINT" IS UNKNOWN UNLESS YOU CAN PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF THE TIME, CIRCUMSTANCES, AND CAUSE.  AS HISTORY HAS SHOWN US, THEY ARE EASY TO FAKE, AND THINGS LIKE SOIL TEMPERATURE AND CONSISTENCY, PRECIPITATION, WIND etc., CAN INFLUENCE THE FINAL SHAPE.

What must be Taken from these Examples, and the The Previous One from Part 2 taken From Politics, is THE FOLLOWING:

AN ASSERTION IS IN NO WAY A MEASURE OF TRUTH.  IN FACT, WITHOUT PROPER AND SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO BACK IT UP, IT IS SOMETIMES A DELIBERATE ATTEMPT TO MISLEAD OTHERS INTO ACCEPTING IT AS FACTUAL, WHEN IN REALITY IT IS NOT.